MULTIDIMENSIONAL SECURITY IN MUAY THAI PRACTICE
Сажетак
This article examines Muay Thai as a cultural practice that reflects the multidimensional character of human security. Once tied primarily to warfare, Muay Thai now engages multiple domains of security: physical, economic, health, and ontological. Through ethnographic accounts and historical analysis, I show how the development of Muay Thai has been shaped by the ways Thai society has understood and responded to insecurity, whether military threat, economic precarity, or existential uncertainty. Its practices provide livelihood opportunities, bodily conditioning, and ritualized forms of resilience that extend into both communal life and cosmological orientation. The analysis also considers the perspectives of foreign practitioners, revealing how national narratives meet lived realities. Ultimately, the article demonstrates that security in Muay Thai is paradoxical: the very practices that cultivate resilience and continuity simultaneously produce new vulnerabilities.
Референце
- Baker, Chris, and Pasuk Phongpaichit. 2017. A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Bourdieu, Pierre, and Loïc Wacquant. 1992. An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- Buzan, Barry. [1983] 1991. People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner
- Buzan, Barry, Ole Wæver, and Jaap de Wilde. 1998. Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner
- Ćurčić, Slađana. 2024. “Cultural Dimensions of Safe Cities.” Policy of National Security 27 (2): 183–208. DOI: 10.5937/pnb2743653
- Deng, Jiange. 2025. “‘I Beat a Thai’: Performing White Masculinity in Thailand’s Muay Thai Fighting Tourism.” Gender, Place & Culture 33 (3): 1–17. DOI: 10.1080/0966369X.2025.2523893
- Der Derian, James. 2009. Critical Practices in International Theory: Selected Essays. London: Routledge
- Giddens, Anthony. 1991. Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press
- Goldstein, Daniel M. 2010. “Toward a Critical Anthropology of Security.” Current Anthropology 51 (4): 487–517. DOI: 10.1086/655789
- Green, Kyle, and Clifton Evers. 2020. “Intimacy on the Mats and in the Surf.” Contexts 19 (2): 10–15. DOI: 10.1177/1536504220920188
- Gusterson, Hugh, and Catherine Besteman. 2009. The Insecure American: How We Got Here and What We Should Do About It. Berkeley: University of California Press
- Hobbes, Thomas. [1651] 2003. Leviathan. Bristol: Thoemmes Continuum
- Khaosod English. 2023. “Buakaw Trains American Soldiers in Cobra Gold’s SAO.” Khaosod English. March 5, 2023.
https://www.khaosodenglish.com/news/2023/03/05/buakaw-trains-american-soldiers-in-cobra-golds-sao/
- Kitiarsa, Pattana. 2005. “‘Lives of Hunting Dogs’: Muai Thai and the Politics of Thai Masculinities.” South East Asia Research 13 (1): 57–90. DOI: 10.5367/0000000053935223
- Kitiarsa, Pattana. 2012a. Mediums, Monks, and Amulets: Thai Popular Buddhism Today. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books
- Kitiarsa, Pattana. 2012b. “Of Men and Monks: The Boxing-Buddhism Nexus and the Production of National Manhood in Contemporary Thailand.” Paper presented at the International Conference on “Mega-Sporting Events in the Age of New Developmentalism: Perspectives from Asia”, Enyuu Gakusya, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, July 28–29
- La Loubère, Simon de. 1693. A New Historical Relation of the Kingdom of Siam. London: Printed by F.L. for Thomas Horne, Francis Saunders, and Thomas Bennet
- Mauss, Marcel. 2009. Techniques, Technology and Civilization. New York: Durkheim Press
- Marx, Karl. [1843] 1967. On the Jewish Question. In Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society, eds. and trans. Loyd D. Easton and Kurt H. Guddat, 24–52. New York: Anchor Books
- Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de. 1979. De l’esprit des lois. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion
- Mott, Carrie, and Susan M. Roberts. 2014. “Not Everyone Has (the) Balls: Urban Exploration and the Persistence of Masculinist Geography.” Antipode 46 (1): 229–245. DOI: 10.1111/anti.12033
- Nation Thailand. 2023a. “Army Chief Wants Military Schools to Teach Muay Thai.” The Nation Thailand. February 14, 2023.
https://www.nationthailand.com/thailand/general/40024887
- Nation Thailand. 2023b. “Royal Thai Army Takes a Ringside Seat to Promote Muay Thai Internationally.” The Nation Thailand. September 16, 2023.
https://www.nationthailand.com/thailand/general/40031092
- Nation Thailand. 2024. “IFMA & Sports Authority of Thailand Train Muay Thai Trainers.” The Nation Thailand. April 25, 2024.
https://www.nationthailand.com/blogs/news/sport/40037539
- Nešković, Marta. 2024. “Embodied Spirituality: Shaolin Martial Arts as a Chan Buddhist Practice.” International Journal of Anthropology and Ethnology 8 (3): 104. DOI: 10.1186/s41257-024-00104-5
- Nešković, Marta. 2025. Shaolin Kung Fu: Exploring Chan Buddhism, Monastic Community, and Martial Arts. London: Routledge
- Newman, Edward. 2010. “Critical Human Security Studies.” Review of International Studies 36: 77–94. DOI: 10.1017/S026021050999051X
- Paris, Roland. 2001. “Human Security: Paradigm Shift or Hot Air?” International Security 26 (2): 87–102. DOI: 10.1162/016228801753191141
- Rennesson, Stéphane. 2012. Les coulisses du Muay Thai: Anthropologie d’un art martial en Thaïlande. Paris: Les Indes savantes
- Robin, Corey. 2004. Fear: The History of a Political Idea. Oxford: Oxford University Press
- Saengsawang, Nattawat, Wanna Siladech, and Wacharin Laxanaphisuth. 2015. “The History and Development of Muaythai Boran.” Journal of Sports Science 3: 148–154. DOI: 10.17265/2332-7839/2015.03/007
- Ullman, Richard H. 1983. “Redefining Security.” International Security 8 (1): 129–153. DOI: 10.2307/2538489
- United Nations Development Programme [UNDP]. 1994. Human Development Report 1994: New Dimensions of Human Security. New York: Oxford University Press
- Vail, Peter. 2011. “Muay Thai: Inventing Tradition for a National Symbol.” In Martial Arts as Embodied Knowledge: Asian Traditions in a Transnational World, eds. Douglas S. Farrer and John Whalen-Bridge, 107–130. Albany: State University of New York Press
- Vékony, Daniel. 2020. “Ontological Security.” In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, eds. Scott Romaniuk, Manish Thapa, and Peter Marton, 1–10. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
- Vuletić, Dejan. 2025. “The Importance of New Technologies in Military Officer Education.” Policy of National Security 30 (3): 83–102. DOI: 10.5937/pnb3057896
- Wacquant, Loïc. 2004. Body & Soul: Notebooks of an Apprentice Boxer. Oxford: Oxford University Press
- Walt, Stephen M. 1991. “The Renaissance of Security Studies.” International Studies Quarterly 35 (2): 211–239. DOI: 10.2307/2600471.
Др Марта Нешковић