METODOLOGIJA MERENЈA MEKE MOĆI: NOVI PRISTUP

Nikola M. Kosović

Sažetak

Ovaj rad predlaže novi metodološki pristup merenju količine meke moći koju države imaju na raspolaganju. Autor istražuje poreklo, savremene oblike manifestovanja i perspektive meke moći u bilateralnim međunarodnim odnosima. U radu se najpre razmatra teorijska pozadina koncepta meke moći i trenutno postojeći metodološki pristupi njenom merenju kroz detaljan pregled savremene literature. Autor razmatra najpoznatije indekse i istraživanja i ističe njihove prednosti i nedostatke, kao i ozbiljan nedostatak praktične korisnosti za kreatore politike. Drugi deo rada posvećen objašnjenju novog pristupa, koji se zasniva na argumentu da glavna karakteristika meke moći nije univerzalnost primene, već njena promenljivost. U praksi ovo znači da neki izvori meke moći koji su korisni za Rusiju u njenim odnosima sa Belorusijom, ili za SAD u odnosima sa Meksikom, možda neće biti podjednako efikasni između Rusije i Ukrajine i SAD i Kanade. Stoga istraživanje i merenje kapaciteta za primenu meke moći jedne države treba sprovoditi kroz studije slučaja, posmatrajući specifične elemente meke moći i njihovu konkretnu primenu u bilateralnim odnosima. Ovakva istraživanja donose veću korist u pogledu korisnih predloga politika. Zaključni deo rada posvećen je potencijalnoj primeni ovog metodološkog pristupa kroz razmatranje studije slučaja ruske meke moći u Srbiji.

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