BANKARSTVO: UZROK ILI BRANA OD FINANSIJSKIH KRIZA

Vladimir V. Prvulović

Sanja M. Vučković

Sažetak

U jeku najnovijih dešavanja na svetskom finansijskom tržištu, posle propasti nekoliko velikih finansijskih konglo­merata, aktuelizuje se staro pitanje o podvajanju komercijalnog i investicionog bankarstva. Pokazalo se da su zahuktali egzotični poslovi sa hartijama od vrednosti bili glavni pokretač finansijskog kraha i, s tim u vezi, kao rešenje nameće se razdvajanje investicionih i komercijalnih bankarskih poslova. Glavni argument je da se ne sme dozvoliti da novac poreskih obveznika ponovo leči probleme banaka u privatnom vlasništvu, probleme prouzrokovane lošim procenama i odlukama ambicioznih menadžera. Ukazuje se na činjenicu da krivce za krizu treba prevashodno tražiti u sebičnoj ljudskoj prirodi, a ne u određenim evolutivnim sistemima (kao što je razvijeno finansijsko tržište). Rad se u prvom delu fokusira na razvoj univerzalnog bankarstva. Dalje su ukazuje na prednosti i manjkavosti ovog koncepta, da bi se u poslednjem delu sumirali okviri novih oštrih regulatornih propisa i preporuka u ovom segmentu finansijskog tržišta. To je odgovor na realne ekonomske gubitke, s jedne, i na pritisak javnosti, s druge strane.

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